Merge 9cf24371bf into 88e5be6e4b

fix spelling and whitespace in cheatsheets

databases/mysql.sh

@@ -16,3 +16,69 @@ GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON prospectwith.* TO 'power'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
 CREATE USER 'newuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; # Create user
 
 mysql -u root -pmypassword -e "MY SQL QUERY" &>> query.log & disown # Run SQL query in the background
+
+# *****************************************************************************
+# Database and Table Operations
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+CREATE DATABASE database_name; # Create a new database
+DROP DATABASE database_name; # Delete a database
+CREATE TABLE table_name (column1 datatype, column2 datatype, ...); # Create a new table
+DROP TABLE table_name; # Delete a table
+SHOW TABLES; # Display all tables in the current database
+DESCRIBE table_name; # Show the structure of a table
+
+# *****************************************************************************
+# Data Manipulation
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...) VALUES (value1, value2, ...); # Insert data into a table
+UPDATE table_name SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ... WHERE condition; # Update existing data in a table
+DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition; # Delete data from a table
+SELECT column1, column2, ... FROM table_name WHERE condition; # Select data from a table
+
+# *****************************************************************************
+# Backup and Restore
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+mysqldump -u username -p database_name table1 table2 > file.sql # Backup specific tables
+mysql -u username -p database_name < file.sql # Restore specific tables
+
+# *****************************************************************************
+# User Management and Security
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+REVOKE privilege_type ON database_name.table_name FROM 'username'@'hostname'; # Revoke privileges from a user
+DROP USER 'username'@'hostname'; # Delete a user
+ALTER USER 'username'@'hostname' IDENTIFIED BY 'newpassword'; # Reset a user's password
+
+# *****************************************************************************
+# Performance and Maintenance
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+OPTIMIZE TABLE table_name; # Optimize a table
+ANALYZE TABLE table_name; # Analyze a table for key distribution and storage optimization
+CHECK TABLE table_name; # Check a table for errors
+REPAIR TABLE table_name; # Repair a corrupted table
+
+# *****************************************************************************
+# Advanced Queries
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+SELECT ... FROM table1 JOIN table2 ON table1.column = table2.column; # Perform a join operation between two tables
+SELECT ... FROM (SELECT ... FROM table_name) AS subquery; # Use a subquery within another query
+SELECT column, COUNT(*) FROM table_name GROUP BY column; # Group results and use aggregate functions
+
+# *****************************************************************************
+# System Information
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+SELECT VERSION(); # Show the current version of MySQL
+SELECT User, Host FROM mysql.user; # List all current MySQL users
+
+# *****************************************************************************
+# Miscellaneous
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+SET GLOBAL general_log = 'ON'; # Enable query logging
+SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST; # Show the last queries executed in MySQL

languages/C#.txt

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
 1. Data Types
 
     Primitive   Size            Example
-    
+
     String      2 bytes/char    s = "reference";
     bool                        b = true;
     char        2 bytes         ch = 'a';
@@ -16,20 +16,20 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
     decimal     16 bytes        val = 70.0M;
 
 2. Arrays
-    
+
     2.1 Declaration
 
     //Initiliazed using a list defined with curly braces
     int[] nameArray = {100, 101, 102};
-    
+
     //Define an empty array
     int[] nameArray = new int[3]; // 3 rows and 2 columns
-    
+
     //To access a specific item in the array
     int[] nameArray = new int[10];
     int firstNumber = nameArray[0];
     nameArray[1] = 20;
-    
+
     //Multidimensional arrays
     int [,] matrix = new int [2,2]
     matrix[0,0] = 1;
@@ -40,26 +40,26 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
     int[,] predefinedMatrix = new int[2,2] { { 1, 2 }, { 3, 4 } };
 
     2.2 Array Operations
-    
+
     //Sort ascending
     Array.Sort(nameArray);
-    
+
     //Sort begins at element 6 and sorts 20 elements
     Array.Sort(nameArray,6,20);
-    
+
     //Use 1 array as a key & sort 2 arrays
     string[] values = {"Juan", "Victor", "Elena"};
     string[] keys = {"Jimenez", "Martin", "Ortiz"};
     Array.Sort(keys, values);
-    
+
     //Clear elements in array (array, first element, # elements)
     Array.Clear(nameArray, 0, nameArray.Length);
-    
+
     //Copy elements from one array to another
     Array.Copy(scr, target, numOfElements);
 
 3. String Operations
-    
+
     //To concatenate between strings, use the plus operator:
     string firstName = "Erin";
     string lastName = "Roger";
@@ -68,27 +68,27 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
     //To add one string to another, use the += operator:
     string secondLastName = "Green";
     string fullName += secondLastName;
-    
+
     //ToString function
     //It converts an object to its string representation so that it is suitable for display
     Object.ToString();
-    
+
     //String formatting
     //Each additional argument to the function can be referred to in the string using the brackets operator with the index number.
     String.Format(String format, Object arg0);
-     format - A composite format string that includes one or more format items 
+     format - A composite format string that includes one or more format items
      arg0 - The first or only object to format
 
     //Substring
     //Returns a part of the string, beginning from the index specified as the argument. Substring also accepts a maximum length for the substring
     String.Substring(beginAt);
     String.Substring(beginAt, maximum);
-    
+
     //Replace
     string newStr = oldStr.Replace("old","new");
 
     //IndexOf
-    //Finds the first ocurrence of a string in a larger string
+    //Finds the first occurrence of a string in a larger string
     //Returns -1 if the string is not found
     String.IndexOf(val, start, num)
     val - string to search for
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
     String.Split(Char[]);
 
     //ToCharArray
-    //Places selected characteres in a string in a char array
+    //Places selected characters in a string in a char array
     String str = "AaBbCcDd";
     //create array of 8 vowels
     var chars = str.ToCharArray();
@@ -132,11 +132,11 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
     DateTime nextYear = DateTime.AddYears(1);
 
 6. TimeSpan
-    
+
     6.1 TimeSpan Constructor
-        
-    TimpeSpan(hour, minute, sec)
-    
+
+    TimeSpan(hour, minute, sec)
+
     TimeSpan timeS = new TimeSpan(10, 14, 50);
     TimeSpan timeS_Hours = TimeSpan.FromDays(3640);
 
@@ -144,8 +144,8 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
 
     Format item syntax: {index[,alignment][:format string]}
     index - Specifies element in list of values to which format is applied
-    aligment - Indicates minimun width (in characters) to display value
-    format string - Contains the code which specififes the format of the displayed value
+    alignment - Indicates minimum width (in characters) to display value
+    format string - Contains the code which specifies the format of the displayed value
 
     7.1 Numeric
 
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
     csc -define:DEBUG -optimize -out:File2.exe *.cs -> Compiles all the C# files in the current directory with optimizations enabled and defines the DEBUG symbol. The output is File2.exe
     csc -target:library -out:File2.dll -warn:0 -nologo -debug *.cs -> Compiles all the C# files in the current directory producing a debug version of File2.dll. No logo and no warnings are displayed
     csc -target:library -out:Something.xyz *.cs -> Compiles all the C# files in the current directory to Something.xyz (a DLL)
-    
+
     8.1 Compiler Options Listed
 
     Option	                    Purpose
@@ -260,21 +260,21 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
 10. Loop
 
     10.1 While
-    
+
     while (condition) {body}
-    
+
     10.2 Do while
 
     do {body} while condition;
-    
+
     10.3 For
 
     for (initializer; termination condition; iteration;) {
             //statements
     }
-    
+
     10.4 For each
-    
+
     foreach (type identifier in collection)  {
         //statements
     }
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
     [access modifier] className (parameters) [:initializer]
 
     initializer -base calls constructor in base class.
-                 this calls constuctor within class.
+                 this calls constructor within class.
 
     public class nameClass : Initializer {
         public className(dataType param1 , dataType param2, ...) : base(param1, param2)
@@ -313,8 +313,8 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
     abstract – must be implemented by subclass
 
     Passing parameters:
-        1. By default, parametres are passed by value
-        2. Passing by reference: ref, in and out modifers
+        1. By default, parameters are passed by value
+        2. Passing by reference: ref, in and out modifiers
 
     To pass a parameter by reference with the intent of changing the value, use the ref, or out keyword. To pass by reference with the intent of avoiding copying but not changing the value, use the in modifier
 
@@ -331,9 +331,9 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
 12. Struct
 
     12.1 Defining a structure
-    
+
     [attribute][modifier] struct name [:interfaces] { struct-body }
-    
+
     12.2 Class vs Structure
 
        -> Classes are reference types and structs are value types
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
     //To declare an event inside a class, first a delegate type for the event must be declared.
 
     public delegate string MyDelegate(string str);
-    
+
     //The event itself is declared by using the event keyword
 
     event MyDelegate MyEvent;

languages/C.txt

@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ Preprocessor directives:
 
 Create and execute a program
 
-In Linux systems: 
+In Linux systems:
     1. Open up a terminal
     2. Create the program: nano nameProgram.c
     3. Write the program and save it
-    4. gcc -o nameExecutable nameProgram.c 
+    4. gcc -o nameExecutable nameProgram.c
 
 32 Reserved words
 
@@ -106,8 +106,8 @@ Operators
 
   ( )	  grouping parenthesis, function call
   [ ]	  array indexing, also  [ ][ ]  etc.
-  ->   	selector, structure pointer  
-  .	    select structure element     
+  ->   	selector, structure pointer
+  .	    select structure element
   !	    relational not, complement, ! a  yields true or false
   ~    	bitwise not, ones complement, ~ a
   ++  	increment, pre or post to a variable
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ Operators
 
 
 Operator precedence
-                
+
 More precedence
 
 LR	( ) [ ] -> . x++ x--
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ Function definition
 
 type function_name(int a, float b, const char * ch,...) { function_body }
 
-/* only parameters passed by address can are modified*/ 
+/* only parameters passed by address can are modified*/
 
 /* in the calling function, local copy can be modified*/
 

languages/PowerShell

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+	
+Command alias	Cmdlet name		Description of command
+%		ForEach-Object		Performs an operation against each item in a collection of input objects.
+?		Where-Object		Selects objects from a collection based on their property values.
+ac		Add-Content		Appends content, such as words or data, to a file.
+asnp		Add-PSSnapIn		Adds one or more Windows PowerShell snap-ins to the current session.
+cat		Get-Content		Gets the contents of a file.
+cd		Set-Location		Sets the current working location to a specified location.
+chdir		Set-Location		Sets the current working location to a specified location.
+clc		Clear-Content		Deletes the contents of an item, but does not delete the item.
+clear		Clear-Host		Clears the display in the host program.
+clhy		Clear-History		Deletes entries from the command history.
+cli		Clear-Item		Deletes the contents of an item, but does not delete the item.
+clp		Clear-ItemProperty	Deletes the value of a property but does not delete the property.
+cls		Clear-Host		Clears the display in the host program.
+clv		Clear-Variable		Deletes the value of a variable.
+cnsn		Connect-PSSession	Reconnects to disconnected sessions
+compare		Compare-Object		Compares two sets of objects.
+copy		Copy-Item		Copies an item from one location to another.
+cp		Copy-Item		Copies an item from one location to another.
+cpi		Copy-Item		Copies an item from one location to another.
+cpp		Copy-ItemProperty	Copies a property and value from a specified location to another location.
+curl		Invoke-WebRequest	Gets content from a webpage on the Internet.
+cvpa		Convert-Path		Converts a path from a Windows PowerShell path to a Windows PowerShell provider path.
+dbp		Disable-PSBreakpoint	Disables the breakpoints in the current console.
+del		Remove-Item		Deletes files and folders.
+diff		Compare-Object		Compares two sets of objects.
+dir		Get-ChildItem		Gets the files and folders in a file system drive.
+dnsn		Disconnect-PSSession	Disconnects from a session.
+ebp		Enable-PSBreakpoint	Enables the breakpoints in the current console.
+echo		Write-Output		Sends the specified objects to the next command in the pipeline. If the command is the last command in the pipeline, the objects are displayed in the console.
+epal		Export-Alias		Exports information about currently defined aliases to a file.
+epcsv		Export-Csv		Converts objects into a series of comma-separated (CSV) strings and saves the strings in a CSV file.
+epsn		Export-PSSession	Imports commands from another session and saves them in a Windows PowerShell module.
+erase		Remove-Item		Deletes files and folders.
+etsn		Enter-PSSession		Starts an interactive session with a remote computer.
+exsn		Exit-PSSession		Ends an interactive session with a remote computer.
+fc		Format-Custom		Uses a customized view to format the output.
+fl		Format-List		Formats the output as a list of properties in which each property appears on a new line.
+foreach		ForEach-Object		Performs an operation against each item in a collection of input objects.
+ft		Format-Table		Formats the output as a table.
+fw		Format-Wide		Formats objects as a wide table that displays only one property of each object.
+gal		Get-Alias		Gets the aliases for the current session.
+gbp		Get-PSBreakpoint	Gets the breakpoints that are set in the current session.
+gc		Get-Content		Gets the contents of a file.
+gci		Get-ChildItem		Gets the files and folders in a file system drive.
+gcm		Get-Command		Gets all commands.
+gcs		Get-PSCallStack		Displays the current call stack.
+gdr		Get-PSDrive		Gets drives in the current session.
+ghy		Get-History		Gets a list of the commands entered during the current session.
+gi		Get-Item		Gets files and folders.
+gjb		Get-Job			Gets Windows PowerShell background jobs that are running in the current session.
+gl		Get-Location		Gets information about the current working location or a location stack.
+gm		Get-Member		Gets the properties and methods of objects.
+gmo		Get-Module		Gets the modules that have been imported or that can be imported into the current session.
+gp		Get-ItemProperty	Gets the properties of a specified item.
+gps		Get-Process		Gets the processes that are running on the local computer or a remote computer.
+group		Group-Object		Groups objects that contain the same value for specified properties.
+gsn		Get-PSSession		Gets the Windows PowerShell sessions on local and remote computers.
+gsnp		Get-PSSnapIn		Gets the Windows PowerShell snap-ins on the computer.
+gsv		Get-Service		Gets the services on a local or remote computer.
+gu		Get-Unique		Returns unique items from a sorted list.
+gv		Get-Variable		Gets the variables in the current console.
+gwmi		Get-WmiObject		Gets instances of Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) classes or information about the available classes.
+h		Get-History		Gets a list of the commands entered during the current session.
+history		Get-History		Gets a list of the commands entered during the current session.
+icm		Invoke-Command		Runs commands on local and remote computers.
+iex		Invoke-Expression	Runs commands or expressions on the local computer.
+ihy		Invoke-History		Runs commands from the session history.
+ii		Invoke-Item		Performs the default action on the specified item.
+ipal		Import-Alias		Imports an alias list from a file.
+ipcsv		Import-Csv		Creates table-like custom objects from the items in a CSV file.
+ipmo		Import-Module		Adds modules to the current session.
+ipsn		Import-PSSes sion	Imports commands from another session into the current session.
+irm		Invoke-RestMethod	Sends an HTTP or HTTPS request to a RESTful web service.
+ise		powershell_ise.exe	Explains how to use the PowerShell_ISE.exe command-line tool.
+iwmi		Invoke-WMIMethod	Calls Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) methods.
+iwr		Invoke-WebRequest	Gets content from a web page on the Internet.
+kill		Stop-Process		Stops one or more running processes.
+lp		Out-Printer		Sends output to a printer.
+ls		Get-ChildItem		Gets the files and folders in a file system drive.
+man		help			Displays information about Windows PowerShell commands and concepts.
+md		mkdir			Creates a new item.
+measure		Measure-Object		Calculates the numeric properties of objects, and the characters, words, and lines in string objects, such as files of text.
+mi		Move-Item		Moves an item from one location to another.
+mount		New-PSDrive		Creates temporary and persistent mapped network drives.
+move		Move-Item		Moves an item from one location to another.
+mp		Move-ItemProperty	Moves a property from one location to another.
+mv		Move-Item		Moves an item from one location to another.
+nal		New-Alias		Creates a new alias.
+ndr		New-PSDrive		Creates temporary and persistent mapped network drives.
+ni		New-Item		Creates a new item.
+nmo		New-Module		Creates a new dynamic module that exists only in memory.
+npssc		New-PSSessionConfigurationFile	Creates a file that defines a session configuration.
+nsn		New-PSSession		Creates a persistent connection to a local or remote computer.
+nv		New-Variable		Creates a new variable.
+ogv		Out-GridView		Sends output to an interactive table in a separate window.
+oh		Out-Host		Sends output to the command line.
+popd		Pop-Location		Changes the current location to the location most recently pushed to the stack. You can pop the location from the default stack or from a stack that you create by using the Push-Location cmdlet.
+ps		Get-Process		Gets the processes that are running on the local computer or a remote computer.
+pushd		Push-Location		Adds the current location to the top of a location stack.
+pwd		Get-Location		Gets information about the current working location or a location stack.
+r		Invoke-History		Runs commands from the session history.
+rbp		Remove-PSBreakpoint	Deletes breakpoints from the current console.
+rcjb		Receive-Job		Gets the results of the Windows PowerShell background jobs in the current session.
+rcsn		Receive-PSSession	Gets results of commands in disconnected sessions.
+rd		Remove-Item		Deletes files and folders.
+rdr		Remove-PSDrive		Deletes temporary Windows PowerShell drives and disconnects mapped network drives.
+ren		Rename-Item		Renames an item in a Windows PowerShell provider namespace.
+ri		Remove-Item		Deletes files and folders.
+rjb		Remove-Job		Deletes a Windows PowerShell background job.
+rm		Remove-Item		Deletes files and folders.
+rmdir		Remove-Item		Deletes files and folders.
+rmo		Remove-Module		Removes modules from the current session.
+rni		Rename-Item		Renames an item in a Windows PowerShell provider namespace.
+rnp		Rename-ItemProperty	Renames a property of an item.
+rp		Remove-ItemProperty	Deletes the property and its value from an item.
+rsn		Remove-PSSession	Closes one or more Windows PowerShell sessions (PSSessions).
+rsnp		Remove-PSSnapin		Removes Windows PowerShell snap-ins from the current session.
+rujb		Resume-Job		Restarts a suspended job
+rv		Remove-Variable		Deletes a variable and its value.
+rvpa		Resolve-Path		Resolves the wildcard characters in a path, and displays the path contents.
+rwmi		Remove-WMIObject	Deletes an instance of an existing Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) class.
+sajb		Start-Job		Starts a Windows PowerShell background job.
+sal		Set-Alias		Creates or changes an alias (alternate name) for a cmdlet or other command element in the current Windows PowerShell session.
+saps		Start-Process		Starts one or more processes on the local computer.
+sasv		Start-Service		Starts one or more stopped services.
+sbp		Set-PSBreakpoint	Sets a breakpoint on a line, command, or variable.
+sc		Set-Content		Replaces the contents of a file with contents that you specify.
+select		Select-Object		Selects objects or object properties.
+set		Set-Variable		Sets the value of a variable. Creates the variable if one with the requested name does not exist.
+shcm		Show-Command		Creates Windows PowerShell commands in a graphical command window.
+si		Set-Item		Changes the value of an item to the valu

languages/XML.md

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ XML uses a DTD to describe the data.
    So the XML is a **Complement** to HTML.
 * HTML: is used to format and display the same data.
 
-   
+
 XML does not carry any information about how to be displayed. The same XML data can be used in many different presentation scenarios.
 Because of this, with XML, there is a full separation between data and presentation.
 

languages/bash.sh

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ CTRL+X then (   # start recording a keyboard macro
 CTRL+X then )   # finish recording keyboard macro
 CTRL+X then E   # recall last recorded keyboard macro
 CTRL+X then CTRL+E   # invoke text editor (specified by $EDITOR) on current command line then execute resultes as shell commands
-CTRL+A then D  # logout from screen but don't kill it, if any command exist, it will continue 
+CTRL+A then D  # logout from screen but don't kill it, if any command exist, it will continue
 
 BACKSPACE  # deletes one character backward
 DELETE     # deletes one character under cursor
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ cat <filename>                # displays file raw content (will not be interpret
 cat -n <filename>             # shows number of lines
 nl <file.sh>                  # shows number of lines in file
 cat filename1 > filename2     # Copy filename1 to filename2
-cat filename1 >> filename2    # merge two files texts together 
+cat filename1 >> filename2    # merge two files texts together
 any_command > <filename>      # '>' is used to perform redirections, it will set any_command's stdout to file instead of "real stdout" (generally /dev/stdout)
 more <filename>               # shows the first part of a file (move with space and type q to quit)
 head <filename>               # outputs the first lines of file (default: 10 lines)
@@ -203,14 +203,14 @@ echo $$                      # prints process ID of the current shell
 echo $!                      # prints process ID of the most recently invoked background job
 echo $?                      # displays the exit status of the last command
 read <varname>               # reads a string from the input and assigns it to a variable
-read -p "prompt" <varname>   # same as above but outputs a prompt to ask user for value 
+read -p "prompt" <varname>   # same as above but outputs a prompt to ask user for value
 column -t <filename>         # display info in pretty columns (often used with pipe)
 let <varname> = <equation>   # performs mathematical calculation using operators like +, -, *, /, %
 export VARNAME=value         # defines an environment variable (will be available in subprocesses)
 export -f  <funcname>        # Exports function 'funcname'
 export var1="var1 value"     # Export and assign in the same statement
-export <varname>             # Copy Bash variable 
-declare -x <varname>         # Copy Bash variable 
+export <varname>             # Copy Bash variable
+declare -x <varname>         # Copy Bash variable
 
 array[0]=valA                # how to define an array
 array[1]=valB
@@ -507,9 +507,9 @@ function returntrap {
 trap returntrap RETURN  # is executed each time a shell function or a script executed with the . or source commands finishes executing
 
 ##############################################################################
-# COLORS AND BACKGROUNDS 
+# COLORS AND BACKGROUNDS
 ##############################################################################
-# note: \e or \x1B also work instead of \033 
+# note: \e or \x1B also work instead of \033
 # Reset
 Color_Off='\033[0m' # Text Reset
 
@@ -524,14 +524,14 @@ Cyan='\033[0;36m'   # Cyan
 White='\033[0;97m'  # White
 
 # Additional colors
-LGrey='\033[0;37m'  # Ligth Gray
+LGrey='\033[0;37m'  # Light Gray
 DGrey='\033[0;90m'  # Dark Gray
-LRed='\033[0;91m'   # Ligth Red
-LGreen='\033[0;92m' # Ligth Green
-LYellow='\033[0;93m'# Ligth Yellow
-LBlue='\033[0;94m'  # Ligth Blue
+LRed='\033[0;91m'   # Light Red
+LGreen='\033[0;92m' # Light Green
+LYellow='\033[0;93m'# Light Yellow
+LBlue='\033[0;94m'  # Light Blue
 LPurple='\033[0;95m'# Light Purple
-LCyan='\033[0;96m'  # Ligth Cyan
+LCyan='\033[0;96m'  # Light Cyan
 
 
 # Bold
@@ -566,6 +566,6 @@ On_White='\033[47m' # White
 
 # Example of usage
 echo -e "${Green}This is GREEN text${Color_Off} and normal text"
-echo -e "${Red}${On_White}This is Red test on White background${Color_Off}" 
+echo -e "${Red}${On_White}This is Red test on White background${Color_Off}"
 # option -e is mandatory, it enable interpretation of backslash escapes
 printf "${Red} This is red \n"

languages/golang.md

@@ -397,8 +397,8 @@ d, t := doubleAndTriple(5)
 _, t := doubleAndTriple(3)
 // t = 9
 
-// Functions can defer commands. Defered commands are
-// runned in a stack order after the execution and
+// Functions can defer commands. Deferred commands are
+// ran in a stack order after the execution and
 // returning of a function
 var aux = 0
 
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ person3.Age // 0
 
 ## Maps
 
-Maps are data structures that holds values assigneds to a key.
+Maps are data structures that holds values assigned to a key.
 
 ```go
 // Declaring a map
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ newYork // "EUA"
 // Delete
 delete(cities, "NY")
 
-// Check if a key is setted
+// Check if a key is set
 value, ok := cities["NY"]
 ok // false
 value // ""
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ Go doesn't support `throw`, `try`, `catch` and other common error handling struc
 ```go
 import "errors"
 
-// Function that contain a logic that can cause a possible exception flow 
+// Function that contain a logic that can cause a possible exception flow
 func firstLetter(text string) (string, error) {
     if len(text) < 1 {
         return nil, errors.New("Parameter text is empty")
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ func Sum(x, y int) int {
 }
 
 // main_test.go
-import ( 
+import (
     "testing"
     "reflect"
 )
@@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ func main() {
     blocking2: 0
     blocking2: 1
     blocking2: 2
-    done 
+    done
 */
 
 // Go routines are a function (either declared previously or anonymous) called with the keyword go

languages/java.md

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ a \|= b; //a is the variable name; b is the variable name; this expression is an
   }
 ```
 **Example:**
-```java  
+```java
   for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
      System.out.println(i);
   }
@@ -254,10 +254,10 @@ for(dataType item : array) {
 
 **Example:**
 ```java
-    int i=1;  
-    do{  
-      System.out.println(i);  
-      i++;  
+    int i=1;
+    do{
+      System.out.println(i);
+      i++;
     }while(i<=10);
 ```
 
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ for(dataType item : array) {
   //Declare a variable, object name
   String s;
 
-  //Invoke a contructor to create an object
+  //Invoke a constructor to create an object
   s = new String ("Hello World");
 
   //Invoke an instance method that operates on the object's value
@@ -361,13 +361,13 @@ class MyClass {
         // four methods
         public void setCadence(int newValue) {
             cadence = newValue;
-        }   
+        }
         public void setGear(int newValue) {
             gear = newValue;
-        }   
+        }
         public void applyBrake(int decrement) {
             speed -= decrement;
-        }  
+        }
         public void speedUp(int increment) {
             speed += increment;
         }
@@ -531,13 +531,13 @@ class MyClass extends MySuperClass implements YourInterface {
 
 
 ```java
-    interface print{  
-        void printPaper();  
-    }  
-    public class A4 implements print{  
+    interface print{
+        void printPaper();
+    }
+    public class A4 implements print{
         public void printPaper(){
           System.out.println("A4 Page Printed. ");
-        }  
+        }
     }
 ```
 

languages/php.php

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 <?php
 
 // Exit the file, string inside get's echo'ed
-die("This file is not ment to be ran. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯");
-exit("This file is not ment to be ran. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯");
+die("This file is not meant to be ran. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯");
+exit("This file is not meant to be ran. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯");
 
 /**
  * Printing
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ var_dump($arr); // Print anything, with type hints for any value and sizes
 $string = 'Awesome cheatsheets';
 
 str_contains($string, 'cheat'); // Find if the string contains the specified string (PHP >= 8.0)
-str_replace('Awesome', 'Bonjour', $string); // Replace all occurence
+str_replace('Awesome', 'Bonjour', $string); // Replace all occurrence
 strcmp($string, 'Awesome cheatsheets'); // Compare two strings
 strpos($string, 'a', 0); // Get position in the string
 str_split($string, 2); // Split the string
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ $argc; // Number of arguments passed into terminal
  $myObject?->getName()?->startWith('A');
 
 /**
- * Class 
+ * Class
  * http://php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.basic.php
  */
 class NormalClass extends AbstractClassName implements InterfaceName
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ class NormalClass extends AbstractClassName implements InterfaceName
     // --> PROPERTY TYPES <--
 
     /**
-     * Public property, everyone can access this property. 
+     * Public property, everyone can access this property.
      * @var Type
      */
     public $property;
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ class NormalClass extends AbstractClassName implements InterfaceName
     protected function protectedFunction(Type $var = null): Type
     {
     }
-    
+
     /**
      * Static function, doesn't need an instance to be executed.
      * @param Type
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ u   Pattern is treated as UTF-8
 \w  Any "word" character (a-z 0-9 _)
 \W  Any non "word" character
 \s  Whitespace (space, tab CRLF)
-\S  Any non whitepsace character
+\S  Any non whitespace character
 \d  Digits (0-9)
 \D  Any non digit character
 .   (Period) - Any character except newline

languages/python.md

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 - As of python3.8 there are 35 keywords
 
 | Keyword | Description  | Category |
-|---------- | ---------- | --------- | 
+|---------- | ---------- | --------- |
 | True      | Boolean value for not False or 1 | Value Keyword|
 | False     | Boolean Value for not True or 0 | Value Keyword |
 | None      | No Value | Value keyword |
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
 | else | this block will be executed if condition is false | conditional |
 | for | used for looping | iteration |
 | while | used for looping | iteration |
-| break | get out of loop | iteration | 
+| break | get out of loop | iteration |
 | continue | skip for specific condition | iteration |
 | def | make user defined function | structure |
 | class | make user defined classes | structure |
@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@
 | import | import libraries/modules/packages | import |
 | from | import specific function/classes from modules/packages | import |
 | try | this block will be tried to get executed | exception handling |
-| except | is any exception/error has occured it'll be executed | exception handling |
-| finally | It'll be executed no matter exception occurs or not | exception handling | 
+| except | is any exception/error has occurred it'll be executed | exception handling |
+| finally | It'll be executed no matter exception occurs or not | exception handling |
 | raise | throws any specific error/exception | exception handling |
 | assert | throws an AssertionError if condition is false | exception handling |
 | async | used to define asynchronous functions/co-routines | asynchronous programming |
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
 - Lists are created using square brackets:
 
 ```python
-thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"] 
+thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
 ```
 
 - List items are ordered, changeable, and allow duplicate values.
@@ -157,14 +157,14 @@ thislist = list(("apple", "banana", "cherry"))  # note the double round-brackets
 - pop() function removes the last value in the given list by default.
 
   ```python
-  thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"] 
-  
+  thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
+
   print(thislist.pop())  # cherry
-  print(thislist.pop(0))  #apple 
-  
+  print(thislist.pop(0))  #apple
+
   ```
 
-  
+
 
 ### Tuple
 
@@ -291,14 +291,14 @@ thisdict = {
     "model": "Mustang",
     "year": 1964
   }
-  
+
   x = car.pop("model")
-  
+
   print(x)# Mustang
   print(car)#{'brand': 'Ford', 'year': 1964}
   ```
 
-  
+
 
 ### Conditional branching
 
@@ -378,5 +378,5 @@ function_name()
 ```
 
 * We need not to specify the return type of the function.
-* Functions by default return `None` 
+* Functions by default return `None`
 * We can return any datatype.

tools/vim.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ##############################################################################
 # VIM CHEATSHEET
-# WEBSITE: http://www.vim.org/  
+# WEBSITE: http://www.vim.org/
 # DOCUMENTATION: https://vim.sourceforge.io/docs.php
 ##############################################################################
 
@@ -20,13 +20,15 @@ e                   jump to end of words (punctuation considered words)
 E                   jump to end of words (no punctuation)
 b                   jump backward by words (punctuation considered words)
 B                   jump backward by words (no punctuation)
-ge                  jump backward to end of words
+ge                  jump backward to end of a word
+gE                  jump backwards to the end of a word (words can contain punctuation)
 0                   (zero) start of line
 ^                   first non-blank character of line
-$                   end of line
--                   move line upwards, on the first non blank character
-+                   move line downwards, on the first non blank character
-<enter>             move line downwards, on the first non blank character
+$                   jump to the end of the line
+g_                  jump to the last non-blank character of the line
+-                   move line upwards, on the first non-blank character
++                   move line downwards, on the first non-blank character
+<enter>             move line downwards, on the first non-blank character
 gg                  go to first line
 G                   go to last line
 ngg                 go to line n
@@ -38,10 +40,6 @@ nG                  go To line n
 }                   move the cursor a paragraph forwards
 ]]                  move the cursor a section forwards or to the next {
 [[                  move the cursor a section backwards or the previous {
-CTRL-f              move the cursor forward by a screen of text
-CTRL-b              move the cursor backward by a screen of text
-CTRL-u              move the cursor up by half a screen
-CTRL-d              move the cursor down by half a screen
 H                   move the cursor to the top of the screen.
 M                   move the cursor to the middle of the screen.
 L                   move the cursor to the bottom of the screen.
@@ -49,6 +47,16 @@ fx                  search line forward for 'x'
 Fx                  search line backward for 'x'
 tx                  search line forward before 'x'
 Tx                  search line backward before 'x'
+CTRL-y              moves screen up one line
+CTRL-e              moves screen down one line
+CTRL-u              moves cursor & screen up ½ page
+CTRL-d              moves cursor & screen down ½ page
+CTRL-b              moves screen up one page, cursor to last line
+CTRL-f              moves screen down one page, cursor to first line
+zz                  shift current line to middle of screen
+z.                  same as zz but also jumps to the first non-black character
+zt                  shift current line to top of screen
+zb                  shift current line to bottom of screen
 
 
 ##############################################################################
@@ -60,8 +68,15 @@ Tx                  search line backward before 'x'
 ma                  make a bookmark named a at the current cursor position
 `a                  go to position of bookmark a
 'a                  go to the line with bookmark a
+`0                  go to the position where Vim was previously exited
+`"                  go to the position when last editing this file
 `.                  go to the line that you last edited
+``                  go to the position before the last jump
+g,                  go to newer position in change list
+g;                  go to older position in change list
 
+# Tip: To jump to a mark you can either use a backtick (`) or an apostrophe (').
+# Using an apostrophe jumps to the beginning (first non-blank) of the line holding the mark.
 
 ##############################################################################
 # INSERT MODE
@@ -70,10 +85,13 @@ ma                  make a bookmark named a at the current cursor position
 
 i                   start insert mode at cursor
 I                   insert at the beginning of the line
+gi                  return to insert mode where you inserted text the last time
+gI                  like "I", but always start in column 1
 a                   append after the cursor
 A                   append at the end of the line
 o                   open (append) blank line below current line
 O                   open blank line above current line
+CTRL-o              Temporarily enter normal mode to issue one normal-mode command(while in insert mode)
 Esc                 exit insert mode
 
 
@@ -84,10 +102,25 @@ Esc                 exit insert mode
 
 r                   replace a single character (does not use insert mode)
 R                   enter Insert mode, replacing characters rather than inserting
-J                   join line below to the current one
+J                   join line below to the current one with one space in between
+gJ                  join line below to the current one without space in between
 cc                  change (replace) an entire line
-cw                  change (replace) to the end of word
-C                   change (replace) to the end of line
+cw                  change (replace) to the end of word (same as ce)
+2cw                 change (replace) repeat cw twice
+ciw                 change (replace) word under the cursor
+caw                 change (replace) word under the cursor and the space after or before it
+ci"                 change (replace) word inside ""
+cit                 change (replace) html tag content
+cat                 change (replace) html tag
+cis                 change (replace) sentence under the cursor
+cas                 change (replace) sentence under the cursor and the space after or before it
+cib                 change (replace) inside a block with ()
+cab                 change (replace) a block with ()
+ciB                 change (replace) inside a block with {}
+caB                 change (replace) a block with {}
+C                   change (replace) to the end of line(same as c$)
+cG                  change (replace) to the end of the file
+cgg                 change (replace) from first line to current line
 ct'                 change (replace) until the ' character (can change ' for any character)
 s                   delete character at cursor and substitute text
 S                   delete line at cursor and substitute text (same as cc)
@@ -102,6 +135,7 @@ guiw                make current word lowercase
 gU$                 make uppercase until end of line
 gu$                 make lowercase until end of line
 >>                  indent line one column to right
+>i{                 indent everything in the {}
 <<                  indent line one column to left
 ==                  auto-indent current line
 ddp                 swap current line with next
@@ -110,6 +144,7 @@ ddkP                swap current line with previous
 :r [name]           insert the file [name] below the cursor.
 :r !{cmd}           execute {cmd} and insert its standard output below the cursor.
 
+# Tip: Instead of b or B one can also use ( or { respectively.
 
 ##############################################################################
 # DELETING TEXT
@@ -118,10 +153,15 @@ ddkP                swap current line with previous
 
 x                   delete current character
 X                   delete previous character
-dw                  delete the current word
+dw                  delete (cut) to the end of word (same as de)
+diw                 delete (cut) word under the cursor
+daw                 delete (cut) word under the cursor and the space after or before it
+dap                 delete (cut) a paragraph
 dd                  delete (cut) a line
-dt'                 delete until the next ' character on the line (replace ' by any character)
-D                   delete from cursor to end of line
+dt'                 delete (cut) until the next ' character on the line (replace ' by any character)
+dG                  delete (cut) to the end of the file
+dgg                 delete (cut) from first line to current line
+D                   delete (cut) from cursor to end of line (same as d$)
 :[range]d           delete [range] lines
 
 
@@ -136,6 +176,10 @@ yy                  yank (copy) a line
 y$                  yank to end of line
 p                   put (paste) the clipboard after cursor/current line
 P                   put (paste) before cursor/current line
+gp                  put (paste) the clipboard after cursor and leave cursor after the new text
+gP                  put (paste) before cursor and leave cursor after the new text
+"+y                 yank into the system clipboard register
+"+p                 paste from the system clipboard register
 :set paste          avoid unexpected effects in pasting
 :registers          display the contents of all registers
 "xyw                yank word into register x
@@ -147,6 +191,12 @@ P                   put (paste) before cursor/current line
 "xgP                just like "P", but leave the cursor just after the new text
 :[line]put x        put the text from register x after [line]
 
+# Tip: if you are using vim extension on vs code, you can enable
+"vim.useSystemClipboard": true
+in setting.json, this will allow to Use system clipboard for unnamed register.
+
+
+
 
 ##############################################################################
 # MACROS
@@ -157,6 +207,7 @@ qa                  start recording macro 'a'
 q                   end recording macro
 @a                  replay macro 'a'
 @:                  replay last command
+@@                  repeat macro
 
 
 ##############################################################################
@@ -172,9 +223,11 @@ CTRL-v              start visual block mode
 O                   move to other corner of block
 aw                  mark a word
 ab                  a () block (with braces)
-ab                  a {} block (with brackets)
+aB                  a {} block (with brackets)
+at                  a block with <> tags
 ib                  inner () block
-ib                  inner {} block
+iB                  inner {} block
+it                  inner <> block
 Esc                 exit visual mode
 
 VISUAL MODE COMMANDS
@@ -194,6 +247,7 @@ v%                  selects matching parenthesis
 vi{                 selects matching curly brace
 vi"                 selects text between double quotes
 vi'                 selects text between single quotes
+gv                  reselect the last selected area
 
 ##############################################################################
 # SPELLING
@@ -240,7 +294,7 @@ set ic                      ignore case: turn on
 set noic                    ignore case: turn off
 :%s/old/new/g               replace all old with new throughout file
 :%s/old/new/gc              replace all old with new throughout file with confirmation
-:argdo %s/old/new/gc | wq   open multiple files and run this command to replace old 
+:argdo %s/old/new/gc | wq   open multiple files and run this command to replace old
                             with new in every file with confirmation, save and quit
 
 
@@ -283,7 +337,6 @@ CTRL-w <            increase window width
 CTRL-w >            decrease window width
 CTRL-w =            equal window
 CTRL-w o            close other windows
-zz                  Centers the window to the current line
 
 
 ##############################################################################
@@ -306,12 +359,14 @@ clast               display the last error
 
 
 %                   show matching brace, bracket, or parenthese
-gf                  edit the file whose name is under or after the cursor
+gf                  edit the file whose name is under the cursor
+gF                  edit the file whose name is under the cursor and jump to the line number
 gd                  when the cursor is on a local variable or function, jump to its declaration
 ''                  return to the line where the cursor was before the latest jump
-gi                  return to insert mode where you inserted text the last time
 CTRL-o              move to previous position you were at
 CTRL-i              move to more recent position you were at
+:set nu             display numbers (short for :set number)
+:set nonu           hide numbers (short for :set nonumber)
 
 
 ##############################################################################
@@ -485,7 +540,7 @@ CTRL-n              jump to the next empty tag / attribute
 
 
 cs'"                change surrounding quotes to double-quotes
-cs(}                change surrounding parens to braces 
+cs(}                change surrounding parens to braces
 cs({                change surrounding parens to braces with space
 ds'                 delete surrounding quotes
 dst                 delete surrounding tags
@@ -593,7 +648,7 @@ jj                  exit insertion mode
 
 <leader>/           clear the search register
 
-<leader>h           toggle hidden characters 
+<leader>h           toggle hidden characters
 
 <leader>W           strip all trailing whitespace
 
@@ -661,5 +716,5 @@ CTRL-y              go to next tag of attribute in sparkup plugin
 <leader>g           toggle Gundo window
 
 IMG<CR>             show image browser to insert image tag with src, width and height
-b                   insert image tag with dimensions from NERDTree 
+b                   insert image tag with dimensions from NERDTree
                     (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5707925/vim-image-placement)