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7 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Ajay T Shaju
5587651f7f Merge 984b1b0282 into 559d03ecf3 2024-02-26 16:45:16 -07:00
Ajay T Shaju
984b1b0282 Final for C 2023-09-18 22:36:03 +05:30
Ajay T Shaju
8e3299d2df test 2023-09-18 22:30:58 +05:30
Ajay T Shaju
1c94e54c7c commit 2023-09-18 22:04:53 +05:30
Ajay T Shaju
d7fdfb6745 new chnage 2023-09-18 22:03:19 +05:30
Ajay T Shaju
ca5e153c6d initial 2023-09-18 21:10:32 +05:30
Ajay T Shaju
82a8d0e5b4 first 2023-09-18 21:05:16 +05:30
15 changed files with 352 additions and 490 deletions

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@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Feel free to take a look. You might learn new things. They have been designed to
#### Imperative
- [C](languages/C.txt)
- [C](languages/C.md)
- [C#](languages/C%23.txt)
- [Go](languages/golang.md)
- [Java](languages/java.md)

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@@ -16,69 +16,3 @@ GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON prospectwith.* TO 'power'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
CREATE USER 'newuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; # Create user
mysql -u root -pmypassword -e "MY SQL QUERY" &>> query.log & disown # Run SQL query in the background
# *****************************************************************************
# Database and Table Operations
# *****************************************************************************
CREATE DATABASE database_name; # Create a new database
DROP DATABASE database_name; # Delete a database
CREATE TABLE table_name (column1 datatype, column2 datatype, ...); # Create a new table
DROP TABLE table_name; # Delete a table
SHOW TABLES; # Display all tables in the current database
DESCRIBE table_name; # Show the structure of a table
# *****************************************************************************
# Data Manipulation
# *****************************************************************************
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...) VALUES (value1, value2, ...); # Insert data into a table
UPDATE table_name SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ... WHERE condition; # Update existing data in a table
DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition; # Delete data from a table
SELECT column1, column2, ... FROM table_name WHERE condition; # Select data from a table
# *****************************************************************************
# Backup and Restore
# *****************************************************************************
mysqldump -u username -p database_name table1 table2 > file.sql # Backup specific tables
mysql -u username -p database_name < file.sql # Restore specific tables
# *****************************************************************************
# User Management and Security
# *****************************************************************************
REVOKE privilege_type ON database_name.table_name FROM 'username'@'hostname'; # Revoke privileges from a user
DROP USER 'username'@'hostname'; # Delete a user
ALTER USER 'username'@'hostname' IDENTIFIED BY 'newpassword'; # Reset a user's password
# *****************************************************************************
# Performance and Maintenance
# *****************************************************************************
OPTIMIZE TABLE table_name; # Optimize a table
ANALYZE TABLE table_name; # Analyze a table for key distribution and storage optimization
CHECK TABLE table_name; # Check a table for errors
REPAIR TABLE table_name; # Repair a corrupted table
# *****************************************************************************
# Advanced Queries
# *****************************************************************************
SELECT ... FROM table1 JOIN table2 ON table1.column = table2.column; # Perform a join operation between two tables
SELECT ... FROM (SELECT ... FROM table_name) AS subquery; # Use a subquery within another query
SELECT column, COUNT(*) FROM table_name GROUP BY column; # Group results and use aggregate functions
# *****************************************************************************
# System Information
# *****************************************************************************
SELECT VERSION(); # Show the current version of MySQL
SELECT User, Host FROM mysql.user; # List all current MySQL users
# *****************************************************************************
# Miscellaneous
# *****************************************************************************
SET GLOBAL general_log = 'ON'; # Enable query logging
SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST; # Show the last queries executed in MySQL

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@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
string newStr = oldStr.Replace("old","new");
//IndexOf
//Finds the first occurrence of a string in a larger string
//Finds the first ocurrence of a string in a larger string
//Returns -1 if the string is not found
String.IndexOf(val, start, num)
val - string to search for
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
String.Split(Char[]);
//ToCharArray
//Places selected characters in a string in a char array
//Places selected characteres in a string in a char array
String str = "AaBbCcDd";
//create array of 8 vowels
var chars = str.ToCharArray();
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
6.1 TimeSpan Constructor
TimeSpan(hour, minute, sec)
TimpeSpan(hour, minute, sec)
TimeSpan timeS = new TimeSpan(10, 14, 50);
TimeSpan timeS_Hours = TimeSpan.FromDays(3640);
@@ -144,8 +144,8 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
Format item syntax: {index[,alignment][:format string]}
index - Specifies element in list of values to which format is applied
alignment - Indicates minimum width (in characters) to display value
format string - Contains the code which specifies the format of the displayed value
aligment - Indicates minimun width (in characters) to display value
format string - Contains the code which specififes the format of the displayed value
7.1 Numeric
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
[access modifier] className (parameters) [:initializer]
initializer -base calls constructor in base class.
this calls constructor within class.
this calls constuctor within class.
public class nameClass : Initializer {
public className(dataType param1 , dataType param2, ...) : base(param1, param2)
@@ -313,8 +313,8 @@ CHEATSHEET C#
abstract must be implemented by subclass
Passing parameters:
1. By default, parameters are passed by value
2. Passing by reference: ref, in and out modifiers
1. By default, parametres are passed by value
2. Passing by reference: ref, in and out modifers
To pass a parameter by reference with the intent of changing the value, use the ref, or out keyword. To pass by reference with the intent of avoiding copying but not changing the value, use the in modifier

232
languages/C.md Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
#### main() Function
* The main() function is the starting point of the program: `int main (int argc, char *argv[])`
* The return type of the main() function is an integer (type int) and it is known as the `return value` of the program.
* As a rule of thumb, `value 0 means success while non-zero means an error conditions.`
---
### Include Files
* The purpose of these files is to tell the compiler about the `existence of external functions which the source code will make use of.`
---
### Preprocessor directives:
| Directive | Description |
|-----------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|
| `#include "mine.h"` | Search current working directory first. |
| `#include <stdio.h>` | Search command line directory, then the system. |
| `#define TRUE 1` | Macro substitution, usually use capitals. |
| `#define min(a,b)` | Macro substitution with parameters. |
| `#define abs(a)` | Macro substitution. |
| `#define note /* comment */` | This comment gets inserted every time `note` appears. |
| `backslash \ at end of a line` | Means continue the line. |
| `#undef TRUE` | Undefines a previously defined macro name. |
| `#error` | Stop compiling at this point. |
| `#if expression` | Conditional compilation, starts an `if` structure. |
| `#elif expression` | Else if expression != 0, compile the following code. |
| `#else` | Else, compile the following code. |
| `#endif` | End of conditional compiling. |
| `#ifdef macroname` | Like `#if`, compiles if `macroname` is defined. |
| `#ifndef macroname` | Like `#if`, compiles if `macroname` is undefined. |
| `#line number [filename]` | Set the origin for `__LINE__` and `__FILE__`. |
| `#pragma` | Gives the compiler commands. |
---
### Create and execute a program
In Linux systems:
1. Open up a terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T)
2. Create the program: nano nameProgram.c
3. Write the program and save it
4. gcc -o nameExecutable nameProgram.c (eg: gcc -o nameProgram_output nameProgram.c)
---
### Reserved words (32)
| Term | Description |
|------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
| `auto` | Optional local declaration |
| `break` | Used to exit a loop and used to exit a `switch` statement |
| `case` | Choice in a `switch` statement |
| `char` | Basic declaration of a type character |
| `const` | Prefix declaration meaning the variable cannot be changed |
| `continue` | Go to the bottom of a loop in `for`, `while`, and `do` loops |
| `default` | Optional last case of a `switch` statement |
| `do` | Executable statement, `do-while` loop |
| `double` | Basic declaration of double precision floating point |
| `else` | Executable statement, part of an "if" structure |
| `enum` | Basic declaration of enumeration type |
| `extern` | Prefix declaration meaning the variable is defined externally |
| `float` | Basic declaration of floating point |
| `for` | Executable statement, `for` loop |
| `goto` | Jump within a function to a label |
| `if` | Executable statement |
| `int` | Basic declaration of an integer |
| `long` | Prefix declaration applying to many types |
| `register` | Prefix declaration meaning to keep a variable in a register |
| `return` | Executable statement with or without a value |
| `short` | Prefix declaration applying to many types |
| `signed` | Prefix declaration applying to some types |
| `sizeof` | Operator applying to variables and types, gives size in bytes |
| `static` | Prefix declaration to make a local variable static |
| `struct` | Declaration of a structure, like a record |
| `switch` | Executable statement for cases |
| `typedef` | Creates a new type name for an existing type |
| `union` | Declaration of variables that share the same memory locations |
| `unsigned` | Prefix declaration applying to some types |
| `void` | Declaration of a typeless variable |
| `volatile` | Prefix declaration meaning the variable can be changed at any time |
| `while` | Executable statement, `while` loop or `do-while` loop |
---
### Basic types
| Type | Description |
|---------|--------------------------------------------------------|
| `char` | Character type, usually one byte (a string is an array of `char`) |
| `int` | Integer type, usually 2 or 4 bytes (default) |
| `float` | Floating-point type, usually 4 bytes |
| `double`| Floating-point type, usually 8 bytes |
| `void` | No type, typeless |
| `enum` | Enumeration type (user defines the type name) |
---
### Type modifiers, prefix for basic types
| Modifier | Description |
|------------|--------------------------------------------------------|
| `signed` | Has a sign (default) |
| `unsigned` | No sign bit in the variable |
| `long` | Longer version of a type (e.g., `long int`) |
| `short` | Shorter version of a type (e.g., `short int`) |
| `const` | Variable cannot be modified or stored into |
---
### Storage Types
| Prefix | Description |
|-----------|-------------------------------------------------------|
| `auto` | Local variable (default) |
| `static` | Permanent, exists beyond function scope (not `auto`) |
| `volatile`| Can change from external influences |
| `extern` | Variables are defined elsewhere, externally |
| `register`| Suggests that the variable should be stored in a register if possible |
---
### Operators
| Operator | Description |
|----------|----------------------------------------------------|
| `( )` | Grouping parenthesis, function call |
| `[ ]` | Array indexing, also `[ ][ ]` etc. |
| `->` | Selector, structure pointer |
| `.` | Select structure element |
| `!` | Relational not, complement, `!a` yields true or false |
| `~` | Bitwise not, ones complement, `~a` |
| `++` | Increment, pre or post to a variable |
| `--` | Decrement, pre or post to a variable |
| `-` | Unary minus, `-a` |
| `+` | Unary plus, `+a` |
| `*` | Indirect, the value of a pointer, `*p` is the value at pointer `p` address |
| `&` | The memory address, `&b` is the memory address of variable `b` |
| `sizeof` | Size in bytes, `sizeof a` or `sizeof (int)` |
| `(type)` | Cast, explicit type conversion, `(float)i`, `(*fun)(a, b)`, `(int*)x` |
| `*` | Multiply, `a * b` |
| `/` | Divide, `a / b` |
| `%` | Modulo, `a % b` |
| `+` | Add, `a + b` |
| `-` | Subtract, `a - b` |
| `<<` | Shift left, left operand is shifted left by right operand bits |
| `>>` | Shift right, left operand is shifted right by right operand bits |
| `<` | Less than, result is true or false, `a < b` |
| `<=` | Less than or equal, result is true or false, `a <= b` |
| `>` | Greater than, result is true or false, `a > b` |
| `>=` | Greater than or equal, result is true or false, `a >= b` |
| `==` | Equal, result is true or false, `a == b` |
| `!=` | Not equal, result is true or false, `a != b` |
| `&` | Bitwise and, `a & b` |
| `^` | Bitwise exclusive or, `a ^ b` |
| &#124; | Bitwise or, `a` &#124; `b` |
| `&&` | Relational and, result is true or false, `a < b && c >= d` |
| &#124; &#124; | Relational or, result is true or false, `a < b` &#124; &#124; `c >= d` |
| `?` | Ternary conditional, `exp1 ? exp2 : exp3`, result is `exp2` if `exp1` is not 0, else result is `exp3` |
| `=` | Store |
| `+=` | Add and store |
| `-=` | Subtract and store |
| `*=` | Multiply and store |
| `/=` | Divide and store |
| `%=` | Modulo and store |
| `<<=` | Shift left and store |
| `>>=` | Shift right and store |
| `&=` | Bitwise and and store |
| `^=` | Bitwise exclusive or and store |
| &#124; = | Bitwise or and store |
| `,` | Separator, as in `(y = x, z = ++x)` |
---
### Operator precedence
#### More precedence
| Associativity | Operators |
|---------------|---------------------------------------------------|
| LR | `( )`, `[ ]`, `->`, `.`, `x++`, `x--` |
| RL | `!`, `~`, `-`, `+`, `++x`, `--x`, `*`, `&`, `sizeof (type)` |
| LR | `*`, `/`, `%` |
| LR | `+`, `-` |
| LR | `<<`, `>>` |
| LR | `<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=` |
| LR | `==`, `!=` |
| LR | `&` |
| LR | `^` |
| LR | &#124; |
| LR | `&&` |
| LR | &#124; &#124; |
| RL | `? :` |
| RL | `=`, `+=`, `-=` ,`*=`, `/=`, `%=`, `>>=`, `<<=`, `&=`, `^=`, &#124;= |
| LR | `,` |
#### Less precedence
---
### Conditional Branching
if ( condition ) statement ;
else statement_2 ; /* optional else clause */
---
### Switch statement
switch ( expression ) /* constants must be unique */
{
case constant_1: /* do nothing for this case */
break;
case constant_2: /* drop through and do same constant_3 */
case constant_3:
statement_sequence /* can have but does not need { } */
break;
case constant_4:
statement_sequence /* does this and next statement_sequence also*/
case constant_5:
statement_sequence
break;
default: /* default executes if no constant equals*/
statement_sequence /* the expression. This is optional */
}
---

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@@ -1,242 +0,0 @@
main() Function
* The main() function is the starting point of the program: int main (int argc, char *argv[])
* The return type of the main() function is an integer (type int) and it is known as the return value of the program.
* As a rule of thumb, value 0 means success while non-zero means an error conditions.
Include Files
* The purpose of these files is to tell the compiler about the existence of external functions which the source code will make use of.
Preprocessor directives:
#include "mine.h" search current working directory first
#include <stdio.h> search command line directory then system
#define TRUE 1 macro substitution, usually use capitals
#define min(a,b) (a<b)?(a):(b) macro substitution with parameters
#define abs(a) (a<0)?(-(a)):(a) macro substitution
#define note /* comment */ this comment gets inserted every time note appears */
backslash \ at end of a line means continue
#undef TRUE undefines a previously defined macroname
#error stop compiling at this point
#if expression conditional compilation, start if structure
#elif expression else if expression != 0 compile following code
#else else compile following code
#endif end of conditional compiling
#ifdef macroname like #if, compiles if macroname defined
#ifndef like #if, compiles if macroname undefined
#line number [filename] set origin for __LINE__ and __FILE__
#pragma gives the compiler commands
Create and execute a program
In Linux systems:
1. Open up a terminal
2. Create the program: nano nameProgram.c
3. Write the program and save it
4. gcc -o nameExecutable nameProgram.c
32 Reserved words
Term Description
auto optional local declaration
break used to exit loop and used to exit switch
case choice in a switch
char basic declaration of a type character
const prefix declaration meaning variable can not be changed
continue go to bottom of loop in for, while and do loops
default optional last case of a switch
do executable statement, do-while loop
double basic declaration double precision floating point
else executable statement, part of "if" structure
enum basic declaration of enumeration type
extern prefix declaration meaning variable is defined externally
float basic declaration of floating point
for executable statement, for loop
goto jump within function to a label
if executable statement
int basic declaration of integer
long prefix declaration applying to many types
register prefix declaration meaning keep variable in register
return executable statement with or without a value
short prefix declaration applying to many types
signed prefix declaration applying to some types
sizeof operator applying to variables and types, gives size in bytes
static prefix declaration to make local variable static
struct declaration of a structure, like a record
switch executable statement for cases
typedef creates a new type name for an existing type
union declaration of variables that are in the same memory locations
unsigned prefix declaration applying to some types
void declaration of a typeless variable
volatile prefix declaration meaning the variable can be changed at any time
while executable statement, while loop or do-while loop
Basic types
Type Description
char character type, usually one byte ( a string is array of char )
int integer type, usually 2 or 4 bytes ( default )
float floating point type, usually 4 bytes
double floating point type, usually 8 bytes
void no type, typeless
enum enumeration type ( user defines the type name )
Type modifiers, prefix for basic types
Modifiers Description
signed has a sign ( default )
unsigned no sign bit in variable
long longer version of type (short or long alone means short int or
short shorter version of type long int because int is the default)
const variable can not be stored into
Storage Types
Prefix Description
auto local variable ( default )
static permanent when function exits, not auto
volatile can change from outside influence
extern variables are defined elsewhere, externally
register assign variable to register
Operators
( ) grouping parenthesis, function call
[ ] array indexing, also [ ][ ] etc.
-> selector, structure pointer
. select structure element
! relational not, complement, ! a yields true or false
~ bitwise not, ones complement, ~ a
++ increment, pre or post to a variable
-- decrement, pre or post to a variable
- unary minus, - a
+ unary plus, + a
* indirect, the value of a pointer, * p is value at pointer p address
& the memory address, & b is the memory address of variable b
sizeof size in bytes, sizeof a or sizeof (int)
(type) a cast, explicit type conversion, (float) i, (*fun)(a,b), (int*)x
* multiply, a * b
/ divide, a / b
% modulo, a % b
+ add, a + b
- subtract, a - b
<< shift left, left operand is shifted left by right operand bits
>> shift right, left operand is shifted right by right operand bits
< less than, result is true or false, a %lt; b
<= less than or equal, result is true or false, a <= b
> greater than, result is true or false, a > b
>= greater than or equal, result is true or false, a >= b
== equal, result is true or false, a == b
!= not equal, result is true or false, a != b
& bitwise and, a & b
^ bitwise exclusive or, a ^ b
| bitwise or, a | b
&& relational and, result is true or false, a < b && c >= d
|| relational or, result is true or false, a < b || c >= d
? exp1 ? exp2 : exp3 result is exp2 if exp1 != 0, else result is exp3
= store
+= add and store
-= subtract and store
*= multiply and store
/= divide and store
%= modulo and store
<<= shift left and store
>>= shift right and store
&= bitwise and and store
^= bitwise exclusive or and store
|= bitwise or and store
, separator as in ( y=x,z=++x )
; statement terminator.
Operator precedence
More precedence
LR ( ) [ ] -> . x++ x--
RL ! ~ - + ++x --x * & sizeof (type)
LR * / %
LR + -
LR << >>
LR < <= > >=
LR == !=
LR &
LR ^
LR |
LR &&
LR ||
RL ? :
RL = += -= *= /= %= >>= <<= &= ^= |=
LR ,
Less precedence
Conditional branching
if ( condition ) statement ;
else statement_2 ; /* optional else clause */
Switch statement
switch ( expression ) /* constants must be unique */
{
case constant_1: /* do nothing for this case */
break;
case constant_2: /* drop through and do same as constant_3*/
case constant_3:
statement_sequence /* can have but does not need { } */
break;
case constant_4:
statement_sequence /* does this and next */
/* statement_sequence also*/
case constant_5:
statement_sequence
break;
default: /* default executes if no constant equals*/
statement_sequence /* the expression. This is optional */
}
Function definition
type function_name(int a, float b, const char * ch,...) { function_body }
/* only parameters passed by address can are modified*/
/* in the calling function, local copy can be modified*/
char * strcpy( char * s1, const char * s2 ) { statements }
Declarations forms
basic_type variable;
type variable[val][val]...[val]={data,data,...}; /*multidimensional array*/
struct struct_name { /* struct_name is optional */
type variable_1; /* any declaration */
… /* all variable names must be unique*/
} variable_1, ... ; /* variables are optional */
struct struct_name { /* struct_name is optional */
type variable_1: length; /* any declaration : length in bits */
... /* type is int, unsigned or signed */
} variable_1, ... ; /* variables are optional, they can also be arrays and pointers */
union union_name { /* union_name is optional */
type variable_1; /* variable_1 overlays variable_2 */
type variable_2;
...
} variable_a, ...; /* variables are optional */
enum enum_type /* enum_name is optional */
{ enumeration_name_1, /* establishes enumeration literals */
enumeration_name_2=number,/* optional number, */
... /* default is 0, 1, 2, ... */
} variable, ...; /* variables are optional */
/* use dot notation to select a component of a struct or union */

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@@ -524,14 +524,14 @@ Cyan='\033[0;36m' # Cyan
White='\033[0;97m' # White
# Additional colors
LGrey='\033[0;37m' # Light Gray
LGrey='\033[0;37m' # Ligth Gray
DGrey='\033[0;90m' # Dark Gray
LRed='\033[0;91m' # Light Red
LGreen='\033[0;92m' # Light Green
LYellow='\033[0;93m'# Light Yellow
LBlue='\033[0;94m' # Light Blue
LRed='\033[0;91m' # Ligth Red
LGreen='\033[0;92m' # Ligth Green
LYellow='\033[0;93m'# Ligth Yellow
LBlue='\033[0;94m' # Ligth Blue
LPurple='\033[0;95m'# Light Purple
LCyan='\033[0;96m' # Light Cyan
LCyan='\033[0;96m' # Ligth Cyan
# Bold

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@@ -397,8 +397,8 @@ d, t := doubleAndTriple(5)
_, t := doubleAndTriple(3)
// t = 9
// Functions can defer commands. Deferred commands are
// ran in a stack order after the execution and
// Functions can defer commands. Defered commands are
// runned in a stack order after the execution and
// returning of a function
var aux = 0
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ person3.Age // 0
## Maps
Maps are data structures that holds values assigned to a key.
Maps are data structures that holds values assigneds to a key.
```go
// Declaring a map
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ newYork // "EUA"
// Delete
delete(cities, "NY")
// Check if a key is set
// Check if a key is setted
value, ok := cities["NY"]
ok // false
value // ""

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@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ for(dataType item : array) {
### ACCESS MODIFIERS
1. default(No keyword required)
1. defualt(No keyword required)
2. private
3. public
4. protected
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ for(dataType item : array) {
//Declare a variable, object name
String s;
//Invoke a constructor to create an object
//Invoke a contructor to create an object
s = new String ("Hello World");
//Invoke an instance method that operates on the object's value

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@@ -95,9 +95,3 @@ arr.reduce(callback[, initialValue]) // Apply a function against
arr.reduceRight(callback[, initialValue]) // Apply a function against an accumulator and each value of the array (from right-to-left) as to reduce it to a single value.
arr.some(callback[, initialValue]) // Returns true if at least one element in this array satisfies the provided testing function.
arr.values() // Returns a new Array Iterator object that contains the values for each index in the array.
// String methods
String.charAt(index) // Returns the character at the specified index in a string.
String.indexOf(character) // Returns the index of the first occurrence of a specified value in a string.
String.substring(starting_index, ending_index) // Returns a new string that is a subset of the original string.
String.substring(starting_index) // Returns a substring from starting index to last index of string.

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@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
<?php
// Exit the file, string inside get's echo'ed
die("This file is not meant to be ran. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯");
exit("This file is not meant to be ran. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯");
die("This file is not ment to be ran. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯");
exit("This file is not ment to be ran. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯");
/**
* Printing
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ var_dump($arr); // Print anything, with type hints for any value and sizes
$string = 'Awesome cheatsheets';
str_contains($string, 'cheat'); // Find if the string contains the specified string (PHP >= 8.0)
str_replace('Awesome', 'Bonjour', $string); // Replace all occurrence
str_replace('Awesome', 'Bonjour', $string); // Replace all occurence
strcmp($string, 'Awesome cheatsheets'); // Compare two strings
strpos($string, 'a', 0); // Get position in the string
str_split($string, 2); // Split the string
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ u Pattern is treated as UTF-8
\w Any "word" character (a-z 0-9 _)
\W Any non "word" character
\s Whitespace (space, tab CRLF)
\S Any non whitespace character
\S Any non whitepsace character
\d Digits (0-9)
\D Any non digit character
. (Period) - Any character except newline

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@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
| import | import libraries/modules/packages | import |
| from | import specific function/classes from modules/packages | import |
| try | this block will be tried to get executed | exception handling |
| except | is any exception/error has occurred it'll be executed | exception handling |
| except | is any exception/error has occured it'll be executed | exception handling |
| finally | It'll be executed no matter exception occurs or not | exception handling |
| raise | throws any specific error/exception | exception handling |
| assert | throws an AssertionError if condition is false | exception handling |

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@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
# DOCKER
##############################################################################
docker init # Creates Docker-related starter files
docker build -t friendlyname . # Create image using this directory's Dockerfile
docker run -p 4000:80 friendlyname # Run "friendlyname" mapping port 4000 to 80
docker run -d -p 4000:80 friendlyname # Same thing, but in detached mode

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@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ cat /proc/<process_id>/maps # Show the current virtual memory usage of a Linux
ip r # Display ip of the server
lsof -i :9000 # List process running on port 9000
kill -9 $(lsof -t -i:PORT) # Kill the process running on whichever port specified
journalctl -u minio.service -n 100 --no-pager # List last 100 logs for specific service

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@@ -20,15 +20,13 @@ e jump to end of words (punctuation considered words)
E jump to end of words (no punctuation)
b jump backward by words (punctuation considered words)
B jump backward by words (no punctuation)
ge jump backward to end of a word
gE jump backwards to the end of a word (words can contain punctuation)
ge jump backward to end of words
0 (zero) start of line
^ first non-blank character of line
$ jump to the end of the line
g_ jump to the last non-blank character of the line
- move line upwards, on the first non-blank character
+ move line downwards, on the first non-blank character
<enter> move line downwards, on the first non-blank character
$ end of line
- move line upwards, on the first non blank character
+ move line downwards, on the first non blank character
<enter> move line downwards, on the first non blank character
gg go to first line
G go to last line
ngg go to line n
@@ -40,6 +38,10 @@ nG go To line n
} move the cursor a paragraph forwards
]] move the cursor a section forwards or to the next {
[[ move the cursor a section backwards or the previous {
CTRL-f move the cursor forward by a screen of text
CTRL-b move the cursor backward by a screen of text
CTRL-u move the cursor up by half a screen
CTRL-d move the cursor down by half a screen
H move the cursor to the top of the screen.
M move the cursor to the middle of the screen.
L move the cursor to the bottom of the screen.
@@ -47,16 +49,6 @@ fx search line forward for 'x'
Fx search line backward for 'x'
tx search line forward before 'x'
Tx search line backward before 'x'
CTRL-y moves screen up one line
CTRL-e moves screen down one line
CTRL-u moves cursor & screen up ½ page
CTRL-d moves cursor & screen down ½ page
CTRL-b moves screen up one page, cursor to last line
CTRL-f moves screen down one page, cursor to first line
zz shift current line to middle of screen
z. same as zz but also jumps to the first non-black character
zt shift current line to top of screen
zb shift current line to bottom of screen
##############################################################################
@@ -68,15 +60,8 @@ zb shift current line to bottom of screen
ma make a bookmark named a at the current cursor position
`a go to position of bookmark a
'a go to the line with bookmark a
`0 go to the position where Vim was previously exited
`" go to the position when last editing this file
`. go to the line that you last edited
`` go to the position before the last jump
g, go to newer position in change list
g; go to older position in change list
# Tip: To jump to a mark you can either use a backtick (`) or an apostrophe (').
# Using an apostrophe jumps to the beginning (first non-blank) of the line holding the mark.
##############################################################################
# INSERT MODE
@@ -85,13 +70,10 @@ g; go to older position in change list
i start insert mode at cursor
I insert at the beginning of the line
gi return to insert mode where you inserted text the last time
gI like "I", but always start in column 1
a append after the cursor
A append at the end of the line
o open (append) blank line below current line
O open blank line above current line
CTRL-o Temporarily enter normal mode to issue one normal-mode command(while in insert mode)
Esc exit insert mode
@@ -102,25 +84,10 @@ Esc exit insert mode
r replace a single character (does not use insert mode)
R enter Insert mode, replacing characters rather than inserting
J join line below to the current one with one space in between
gJ join line below to the current one without space in between
J join line below to the current one
cc change (replace) an entire line
cw change (replace) to the end of word (same as ce)
2cw change (replace) repeat cw twice
ciw change (replace) word under the cursor
caw change (replace) word under the cursor and the space after or before it
ci" change (replace) word inside ""
cit change (replace) html tag content
cat change (replace) html tag
cis change (replace) sentence under the cursor
cas change (replace) sentence under the cursor and the space after or before it
cib change (replace) inside a block with ()
cab change (replace) a block with ()
ciB change (replace) inside a block with {}
caB change (replace) a block with {}
C change (replace) to the end of line(same as c$)
cG change (replace) to the end of the file
cgg change (replace) from first line to current line
cw change (replace) to the end of word
C change (replace) to the end of line
ct' change (replace) until the ' character (can change ' for any character)
s delete character at cursor and substitute text
S delete line at cursor and substitute text (same as cc)
@@ -135,7 +102,6 @@ guiw make current word lowercase
gU$ make uppercase until end of line
gu$ make lowercase until end of line
>> indent line one column to right
>i{ indent everything in the {}
<< indent line one column to left
== auto-indent current line
ddp swap current line with next
@@ -144,7 +110,6 @@ ddkP swap current line with previous
:r [name] insert the file [name] below the cursor.
:r !{cmd} execute {cmd} and insert its standard output below the cursor.
# Tip: Instead of b or B one can also use ( or { respectively.
##############################################################################
# DELETING TEXT
@@ -153,15 +118,10 @@ ddkP swap current line with previous
x delete current character
X delete previous character
dw delete (cut) to the end of word (same as de)
diw delete (cut) word under the cursor
daw delete (cut) word under the cursor and the space after or before it
dap delete (cut) a paragraph
dw delete the current word
dd delete (cut) a line
dt' delete (cut) until the next ' character on the line (replace ' by any character)
dG delete (cut) to the end of the file
dgg delete (cut) from first line to current line
D delete (cut) from cursor to end of line (same as d$)
dt' delete until the next ' character on the line (replace ' by any character)
D delete from cursor to end of line
:[range]d delete [range] lines
@@ -176,10 +136,6 @@ yy yank (copy) a line
y$ yank to end of line
p put (paste) the clipboard after cursor/current line
P put (paste) before cursor/current line
gp put (paste) the clipboard after cursor and leave cursor after the new text
gP put (paste) before cursor and leave cursor after the new text
"+y yank into the system clipboard register
"+p paste from the system clipboard register
:set paste avoid unexpected effects in pasting
:registers display the contents of all registers
"xyw yank word into register x
@@ -191,12 +147,6 @@ gP put (paste) before cursor and leave cursor after the new tex
"xgP just like "P", but leave the cursor just after the new text
:[line]put x put the text from register x after [line]
# Tip: if you are using vim extension on vs code, you can enable
"vim.useSystemClipboard": true
in setting.json, this will allow to Use system clipboard for unnamed register.
##############################################################################
# MACROS
@@ -207,7 +157,6 @@ qa start recording macro 'a'
q end recording macro
@a replay macro 'a'
@: replay last command
@@ repeat macro
##############################################################################
@@ -223,11 +172,9 @@ CTRL-v start visual block mode
O move to other corner of block
aw mark a word
ab a () block (with braces)
aB a {} block (with brackets)
at a block with <> tags
ab a {} block (with brackets)
ib inner () block
iB inner {} block
it inner <> block
ib inner {} block
Esc exit visual mode
VISUAL MODE COMMANDS
@@ -247,7 +194,6 @@ v% selects matching parenthesis
vi{ selects matching curly brace
vi" selects text between double quotes
vi' selects text between single quotes
gv reselect the last selected area
##############################################################################
# SPELLING
@@ -337,6 +283,7 @@ CTRL-w < increase window width
CTRL-w > decrease window width
CTRL-w = equal window
CTRL-w o close other windows
zz Centers the window to the current line
##############################################################################
@@ -359,14 +306,12 @@ clast display the last error
% show matching brace, bracket, or parenthese
gf edit the file whose name is under the cursor
gF edit the file whose name is under the cursor and jump to the line number
gf edit the file whose name is under or after the cursor
gd when the cursor is on a local variable or function, jump to its declaration
'' return to the line where the cursor was before the latest jump
gi return to insert mode where you inserted text the last time
CTRL-o move to previous position you were at
CTRL-i move to more recent position you were at
:set nu display numbers (short for :set number)
:set nonu hide numbers (short for :set nonumber)
##############################################################################